7 Risk Factors of Gum Disease & How to Avoid It

Gum disease is an infection that can cause tooth sensitivity, gum loss, and tooth loss. However, you can prevent it with a few simple habits. This article explains the risk factors of gum disease, how to avoid gum disease, and where to find the best deep teeth cleaning in Foster City.

Gum disease is one of the most common dental problems among Americans — and is almost entirely preventable. It can affect anyone at any age, however it becomes more common as people get older. Around half of all adults have some form of gum disease by age 30. This increases to around 70% of all adults by age 65. This increase is likely due to a decline in physical health and a decline in the ability to brush and floss properly. These are concerning statistics since gum disease is the leading cause of tooth loss among adults.

Continue reading to learn more about gum disease symptoms, risk factors, and where to find the best gum disease treatment in Foster City.

What is Gum Disease?

Gum disease, also known as periodontal disease, affects the tissues surrounding and supporting teeth. It is typically caused by the buildup of plaque — a sticky film of bacteria — on the surface of the teeth. If plaque is not removed through regular brushing and flossing, it can harden into tartar and lead to gum inflammation. This inflammation is known as early gum disease or gingivitis.

Symptoms of gum disease include:

• Swollen or bleeding gums, especially after brushing or flossing
• Persistent bad breath, even after brushing
• Receding gum line
• New or increasing tooth sensitivity
• Loose teeth

If left untreated, gingivitis can progress to a more severe form of gum disease known as periodontitis. This condition can damage the gums and underlying bone structure and, in its most severe form, lead to tooth loss.

How is Gum Disease Treated?

There are several treatment options for gum disease, depending on the severity of your case. Common treatment methods include:

• Professional dental cleaning that plaque and tartar from the teeth and below the gum line through a process known as scaling and root planing.
• Antibacterial mouthwashes or oral antibiotics to help control infection and reduce inflammation.
• Surgical interventions such as flap surgery, bone grafts, tissue grafts, or guided tissue regeneration to repair damage to the gums and bone.

Early detection and intervention are key to effectively managing gum disease and preventing further complications — so it's important to work closely with a trusted dentist to develop a personalized treatment plan tailored to your specific needs.

What Are the Risk Factors for Gum Disease?

Our patients often ask, “Am I at risk for gum disease?” There are several risk factors associated with gum disease. Some are preventable, while others aren’t. However, good oral health habits can help balance the risk factors you can’t control.

1. Age

The tissues of the gums become more susceptible to infection due to the natural aging process and a decrease in the ability to maintain good oral health habits like brushing with fluoride toothpaste, flossing, and visiting a dentist regularly. Using a toothbrush with better grips or an electric toothbrush can help an aging person take better care of their teeth.

2. Tobacco Use

Smoking or using tobacco products can significantly increase the risk of gum disease by compromising the body's immune response, reducing blood flow to the gums, decreasing saliva production, and interfering with the normal function of gum tissue cells. Speaking to your dentist about smoking cessation programs can help.

3. Genetic Predisposition

Genetic factors can play a role in your susceptibility to gum disease. Certain genetic variations may make some people more prone to developing severe forms of periodontal disease. However, prioritizing good oral health habits can counteract this risk factor.  

4. High Stress Levels

Chronic stress can weaken the body's immune system, making it harder to fight infections, including infections that affect the gums, like gum disease. Additionally, stress can lead to unconscious behaviors such as teeth grinding or clenching, which can also contribute to gum disease. Managing your stress is important for both your physical health and your oral health.

5. Certain Medications

Some medications, such as antidepressants, antiepileptics, and certain heart medications, can have side effects that reduce saliva production — leading to dry mouth. Dry mouth can increase the risk of gum disease, as saliva helps to cleanse the mouth and neutralize acids produced by plaque. Discuss your medications with your dentist, as there are things that can help counteract this side effect.

6. Clenching or Grinding Your Teeth

This often unconscious habit can put excessive force on the teeth and supporting tissues, leading to gum recession and bone loss, which can contribute to the development of gum disease. Managing stress can help decrease the chances of you clenching your jaw or grinding your teeth. However, regular dental exams are also important to monitor for any signs of this habit. A mouthguard is usually recommended if this is an unconscious habit that you struggle with.

7. Poor Nutrition

A diet lacking essential nutrients can weaken the body's ability to fight off infections, including those affecting the gums. Poor nutrition can also compromise oral health, making the gums susceptible to disease. Additionally, a diet high in sugar can lead to plaque buildup, which is the foundation of gum disease. Eating a well-balanced diet and drinking plenty of water can help reduce or eliminate this risk factor.

Many of the risk factors for gum disease are preventable, at least to some degree, with good oral hygiene, regular dental checkups, and reducing your risk factors. If you already have symptoms of gingivitis or gum disease, starting treatment such as periodontal therapy is the best course of action.  

Where to Find the Best Gum Disease Treatment Foster City

Preventing and treating gum disease is one of many services that Dr. Martin Phandl and his team of dental experts offer at Peninsula Dental Associates. Dr. Phandl believes modern dentistry is the best way to ensure his patients walk away with exceptional results — that’s why Peninsula Dental Associates is committed to bringing cutting-edge dental treatments and advanced dental technology to the families of Silicon Valley. Combined with a patient-focused approach that tailors each visit and treatment plan to individual needs, Peninsula Dental Associates is building a reputation as the best modern family dentist in Foster City.

Ready to prevent gum disease with the best deep teeth cleaning in Foster City?